Monday, December 30, 2019

Final Project-Personal Code of Ethics - 1795 Words

Final Project: Personal Code of Ethics Juvenile Probation Officers and Parole Agents require much patience as well as the ability to follow certain orderly conduct. Officers are given a group of individuals to monitor on a daily basis that are also known as caseloads. Each caseload is different for every officer. The juvenile(s) involved have unique behavioral patterns and backgrounds that construct the outcome of how each case may proceed. Therefore, it is required that all officers follow the code of ethics as a guide to an easier handling of your caseload as well as the everyday production of your job requirements. I am currently an employee of the City of Philadelphia courts as a Court Representative. I am in the courtroom†¦show more content†¦A day in the field as a probation or parole officer can be quite a busy one. You can get a few ideas as well as recommended actions to be taken (see: http://www.princetonreview.com/Careers.aspx?cid=175page=1uidbadge=%07). Both the personal and professional Code of Ethi cs are, as we have noted, a guide to behavior, decisions, and the ability to perform ones job in the most positive manner. The use of these codes, I believe, will help make it easier to act and react within given situations within the criminal justice system. With each incident or occurrence, one needs to ask how the particular event fits in with the guidelines in the code and then act or react accordingly (2004). In generating my personal code of ethics, I have gathered written codes and addressed my personal ethic in comparison using the Teleological system. For starters, one of the most important codes in this position requires us to respect and protect the civil and legal rights of all individuals. When I analyze this code, I put myself in the seat of an individual that is either a party of my caseload or the parent of the juvenile. I would not, in either position, want my civil rights violated nor would I want to be disrespected in any manner. Therefore, this will make me push harder towards playing a valuable part in my position as a Juvenile Probation or Parole officer. My personal Code of Ethics would apply to my job as a probation or parole officer and my professionalShow MoreRelatedCurrent Issues Of Engineering Technology1288 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology MET Program ETECH-805-01 Current Issues in Engineering Technology Professional Ethics Short Paper #1 - SP01 By NAVEEN BHASKARUNI ID # 0764021 Email: @gus.pittstsate.edu Phone: 620-704-9210 Submitted To Kailash Chandra Professional Ethics Introduction Professional ethics are the standards set by people in their professions. By setting standards in the form of professional ethics, people in their professions work together to uphold their positions and reputations. 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Sunday, December 22, 2019

War and Memory in Irene Zabytkos Home Soil, Bruce...

Bullets flying through the air right over me, my knees are shaking, and my feet are numb. I see familiar faces all around me dodging the explosives illuminating the air like lightning. Unfortunately, numerous familiar faces seem to disappear into the trenches. I try to run from the noise, but my mind keeps causing me to re-illustrate the painful memories left behind. The three narratives â€Å"Home Soil† by Irene Zabytko, â€Å"Song of Napalm† by Bruce Weigl, and â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen all have the same feelings of war and memory, although not everyone experiences the same war. Zabytko, Weigl, and Owen used shifting beats, dramatic descriptions, and intense, painful images, to convince us that the horror of war far outweighs the†¦show more content†¦The father can only hope and pray that his son will one day regain the emotional stability that he used to have before the affects of Vietnam. In the poem â€Å"Song of Napalm,† it is a straight narrative of what it is like to live with memories from such a horrible war. â€Å"Song of Napalm† follows a Viet Nam soldiers memories of a scene he once saw. His mind tries to distort the image of a girl getting bombed and burning in front of his eyes into a pleasant scene. The effort to make the scene pleasurable is the minds way of trying to protect itself from the horrific incident that actually happened. I was sane enough to pause and breathe Outside my wild plans and after the hard rain I turned my back on the old curses, I believed They swung finally away from me†¦ (17-20 page 1154). Weigl is trying to shelter his mind from the unbearable effects of war. But in the end, he cannot maintain the self-deception, and must face the cold, hard truth. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The irony in the poem â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† is that it is not sweet and fitting to die for one’s country when you have actually experienced war. Owen is describing how psychologically and physically exhausting World War I was for the soldiers that had to tolerate such a cruel suffering and not how patriotic and honorable it was. It shows the true life of a soldier, lying low, ill, endlessly marching through mud with bloody

Saturday, December 14, 2019

1950’s Trade Policies of Pakistan Free Essays

Period II:  The Golden Sixties, 1958 to 19695 Ayub Khan, the first military dictator of Pakistan, assumed complete control of the state in October 1958 and reigned over the golden period of Pakistan’s economic history. With the help of Harvard advisors, Khan vigorously implemented the Planning Commission on Economic Management and Reforms with impressive results. 6 GDP growth in this decade jumped to an average annual rate of 6 percent from 3 percent in the 1950s. We will write a custom essay sample on 1950’s Trade Policies of Pakistan or any similar topic only for you Order Now The manufacturing sector expanded by 9 percent annually and various new industries were set up. Agriculture grew at a respectable rate of 4 percent with the introduction of Green Revolution technology. Governance improved with a major expansion in the government’s capacity for policy analysis, design and implementation, as well as the far-reaching process of institution building. 7 The Pakistani polity evolved from what political scientists called a â€Å"soft state† to a â€Å"developmental† one that had acquired the semblance of political legitimacy The Flat Fifties, 1947 to 1958 The main features of the 1950s was the establishment and expansion of thelarge scale manufacturing sector, which ranged from a high annual growthrate of 28. 7% in 1953/4 to a low 4. 9% in 1957/8. With industry growing athigh rates, there was reverse picture in the agriculture sector, which onlyonce in this period achieved double digit growth rates. Agriculture stagnated to the extent that its growth was not even enough to cope with the growth inpopulation, resulting in a fall in per capita consumption of food grain and theneed to import food as well. A stagnant agriculture in a predominantlyagricultural economy meant a slowly growing economy. The major impact of  economic policy in the 1950s was to transfer income away from agricultureand from urban consumers and to the new and rapidly growingmanufacturing sector 7. 2. 1 The Trade Regime: 1950-60 The major instrument of protection to import-substituting industries during the 1950-60 period was the system of import licensing. The value of import licenses issued and the distribution of these licenses across import categories were determined by the chief comptroller of imports and exports. Both the level and the product composition of import licenses changed from year to year, but in all years demand for imports exceeded the controlled supply, creating a gap between importers’ costs (c. i. f. prices plus duties and sales taxes) and market prices. The margin above importers’ costs represented a windfall profit for those fortunate enough to have the import licenses. Also, domestic manufacturing firms were able to sell their products at prices well above importers’ costs because of the scarcity markups created by restrictive licensing. Tariff protection was, in most product lines, a far less significant factor in overall protection than the licensing of imports. The structure of nominal and effective tariff protection, therefore, provides little indication of the production incentives created by the trade-control system during this period. A study by Lewis (1970, p. 69) suggests that the scarcity markup-the percentage increase of the wholesale price above the importer’s cost-was 67 percent. Lewis also found that, for his sample, nominal rates of protection across the three major subcategories of manufacturing- consumer, The Export Bonus Voucher Scheme During the 1950s it became clear that exporters were caught in a continually worsening cost-price squeeze. The maintenance of an overvalued exchange rate through restrictive import controls implied (1 ) a constant rupee return per dollar of goods exported; but (2) production costs that had a tendency to escalate when foreign exchange became scarce and the scarcity premium on imported raw materials rose. To offset this disadvantage, the export bonus voucher scheme was introduced in 1959. For every Rs 100 of foreign exchange earned, the exporter received a voucher for either Rs 20 or Rs 40, depending on the type of product, that effectively became a license to import goods up to the face value of the voucher. The bonus vouchers were licenses to import only goods from a list of importable items, but the list was quite broad and encompassed consumer, intermediate, and investment goods. Exporters had considerable freedom in deploying their vouchers. They could be used to import raw materials for processing into export or import-competing goods. They could be used for personal imports of luxury items, such as automobiles. Or they could be sold on the open market, commanding a price well in excess of their face value. This latter alternative was extremely popular, and bonus vouchers were traded on the Karachi stock exchange with the premium-that is, the price expressed as a percentage of its face value-quoted daily. Importers purchasing the vouchers could then import any item on the bonus list. If the premium was 150 percent and the c. i. f. value of the imported item was $1, or Rs 4. 6 at the official rate of exchange, and the duty 50 percent, the total cost to the importer was: Rs 4. 76 + 1. 5 (Rs 4. 76) + 0. 5 (Rs. 4. 76) = Rs 14. 28. Since many items were purchased with bonus voucher premiums and customs duties of these same levels, it is clear that the marginal EER for exports exceeded the official exchange rate by a substantial amount. For the exporter, the bonus voucher scheme offered a differentiated and variable EER. Agricultural goods carried a bonus rate-the share of foreign exchange earned returned in the form of vouchers-of zero while manufactured goods carried rates . f 20 or 40 percent initially. The bonus rate structure, the number of rate categories, and the commodities assigned to the various categories were changed from time to time. Also, the premium fluctuated between 100 and 200 percent, though an attempt was made to stabilize the bonus premium at about 150 per cent. The EER for exports ranged, therefore, from Rs 4. 76 to Rs 7. 61 (Rs 4. 76 + 1. 5 x 0. 4 x Rs 4. 76). INDUSTRIALIZATION: Ayub Khan’s era is known for the industrialization in the country. The new regime of Ayub Khandisbanded many of the controls that had been imposed following the post-korean war recessionin 1952. He created an environment where the private sector was encouraged to establishmedium and small-scale industries in Pakistan. This opened up avenues for new jobopportunities and thus the economic graph of the country started rising. In 1959 there was afundamental reordering and change in the method of directing industrialization through trade  policy and a series of liberal policies were introduced which remained in effect till 1965. Themain emphasis of the new rade policy in 1959 shifted away from direst controls and towardsindirest controls on imports, and on domestic prices of other goods. It was the export bonus scheme launched in 1959 that was considered to be the key to the importliberalization process in Pakistan. The scheme allowed a free market in the bonus vouchers for  certain commodities. The Export Bonus Vouchers Scheme (1959) and tax incenti ves stimulatednew industrial entrepreneurs and exporters. Bonus vouchers facilitated access to foreignexchange for imports of industrial machinery and raw materials. Tax concessions were offeredfor investment in less-developed areas. These measures had important consequences in bringingindustry to Punjab and gave rise to a new class of small industrialists. In addition the earlier closed and selective import licensing scheme of the 1950s, which was  based on the importers ability to importduring the Korean boom of 1950-2, was replaced in 1961 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT PAKISTANECONOMICPOLICY by the open General license(OGL), which allowed newcomers to enter the trading sector. Thenew traders made substantial profits and gains from processing import licenses. The most marketfriendly change was the introduction of the Free List†, which permitted the import of certaingoods without any license. The free List was extended over time from 4 items to 50 in 1964. Thetariff structure continued to be used as a signaling device, as it had been in the 1950s. the biasagainst producing machinery and equipment locally continued, as the import duty on these itemswas still the lowest, thus making it easier to import these goods rather than produce them athome. The main reason why the government could be so generous in its import policy in the firsthalf of 1960s was critically linked to the availability of foreign aid, which increased from 2. 5  percent of GNP in mid 1950s to 7 percent of GNP in mid 1960s. In 1965 the Free List suffered serious setbacks as foreign aid was curtailed, and due to theresulting foreign exchange squeeze, the import liberalization policies were abandoned and manynew import controls were introduced. The governments import licensing scheme was to suppose to encourage the private sector toinvest, just as the EBS was a means for exporters to acquire additional foreign exchange byexporting more. The exchange rate had been over valued in the 1950s, but the EBS compensatedfor that and boosted exports, especially of manufactured goods. The scheme transferred asubsidy to exports, and the export of raw jute fell from 60 percent of total exports in 1958 to 20%in 1968, while exports of cotton and jute textiles increased from 8. 3% to 35% in this period, andexports of other manufacturers increased tenfold from 2 to 20 %. The EBS also had a positiveimpact on imports making raw materials and machinery easier and cheaper. This resulted in low  prices for agricultural inputs, while EBS transferred subsidies to manufactured exports. Due toEBS and import licensing and liberalization strategy large-scale manufacturing increased from8% per annum between 1955 and 1960 to 17% between 1960 an 1965 in the second five year  Ã‚  plan the controls reimposed following the foreign exchange and aid curtailment caused thisgrowth to fall to about 10% in the second half of the 1960s. None of the growth in industry during the period of second five year plan was due to the importsubstitution, instead domestic demand and absorption rate were the dominant factors. As foreignaid had increased so had imports and even though manufacturing output grew to impressive ratesdue to the import policies and foreign resources, imports increased at a faster pace. Growth ininvestment goods was by far the fastest of all sectors during the early 1960s.. he reasonaccording to Asian bank was that since this sector was most dependent on imported rawmaterials, it benefitted most from import liberalization. Another reason why import substitutionslowed down was the EBS, which encouraged the export of manufactured goods. Pakistan’s growth rate of 5. 065 was far higher than many comparable countries, indicating bothtechnological dynamism and dynamic allocative efficiency in a comparative perspective How to cite 1950’s Trade Policies of Pakistan, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Professional - Ethical & Legal Issues in Healthcare

Question: Discuss about theProfessional, Ethical Legal Issues in Healthcare. Answer: Introduction The advancement of medical science has brought forth multiple changes in the healthcare sector in keeping with the changing trends and needs of the hour. The modifications and drastic measures that are revised from time to time support for the economic as well as health wise prosperity of the citizens of a nation. The alterations and changes prior to coming into force have to face several intermittent stages of abiding by the ethical issues and legal implications so as to ensure optimum outcomes in the concerned population. Therefore, the measures adapted to culminate in harboring maximum possible benefit out of a clinical situation are often shrouded with few questions and circumstances that account for ethical dilemma (Lo, 2012). This necessitates the healthcare providers encompassing physicians, nurses, paramedics and other supporting staff to strictly work in compliance with the existing code of conduct, guidelines and legislations to render quality healthcare facility to the dis tressed patients without violating the ethical and legal principles. The shared decision making in this regard have been indicated as an essential virtue to translate the conceptions into actual clinical practice (Elwin et al. 2012). The following assignment will be based on a scenario concerning a terminally ill cancer survivor that provides an example of ethical dilemma. The discussions will be done in accordance with the given scenario following the ethical, legal and professional aspects of a practice based situation. Further application and evaluation of the bioethical principles involving autonomy, justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence will form the basis of the logical discussion. Philosophical theories such as deontology and utilitarianism will be considered for understanding the situation pertinent to the given scenario. These theories and principles will be interlinked to the case situation to get an insight into the relevant scenario. Ethical Situation During the course of my clinical practice as a nursing professional I encountered a situation that had put me into ethical dilemma. Ms. Ann was diagnosed with cancer and was brought to the hospital for the treatment of her ailment. However, her family members were very much concerned about Ms. Ann and insisted that this harsh truth of cancer diagnosis be concealed from her in an effort to allay her emotional distress of being informed to be diagnosed of a life threatening disease like that of cancer. The end of life decisions and treatments for such patients is therefore imperative to foster best possible care (Bossaert et al. 2015). The reason I chose to discuss this particular instance is that the decisions and subsequent care and treatment regime for people suffering from debilitating and serious illness like that of cancer, AIDS and others have been a matter of serious concern for the healthcare providers globally. These people particularly the nurses are challenged to take independent and case appropriate measures to provide maximum relief to these terminally ill patients without breaching bioethical principles and inflicting any sort of harm. Thus proper awareness and knowledge regarding the laws and professional as well as ethical issues will aid the nurses to act rationally and cope up with the demanding scenarios effectively (Walker and Colledge 2013). Discussion The given case may be analyzed in the light of the ethical, legal and professional aspects of a practice based situation. Research reveals that oncology nurses routinely encounter situations of ethical dilemma while caring for advanced cancer patient specifically relating prognosis related communications. The nurses experience situations of uncertainty and barriers in providing end of life care healthcare service and hence clarifications regarding their roles and responsibilities to counteract such incidents are required. The most commonly reported ethical dilemma involves uncertainty and hindrance to truth telling (McLennon et al. 2013). Similar encounter is reported in case of Ms. Ann, a cancer patient where the family members are found to persuade the nursing professionals to refrain from uttering the truth to the patient for preventing further mental complications mainly. Interdisciplinary education may contribute to mitigate the issues faced by the nursing professionals. Therefo re, in this matter global bioethics may be consulted to attain a level of consensus through constructive dialogues and negotiations. Both bottom-up as well as top-down approach of interaction may be suitable in such cases (ten Have and Gordijn 2014). All the virtues and guiding principles need to be properly addressed in each of the cases to provide an effective solution to the demanding problems. The given scenario will be discussed in such pretext. Autonomy and justice are the two most essential virtues of bioethical principles. Autonomy upholds the privacy and confidentiality of the affected individuals or the patients receiving care under the guidance of the healthcare worker in a specific clinical setting and infrastructure. Provision of sufficient information without suppression of facts to enable them to make informed choices is an important prerequisite of such principle (Beauchamp 2016). On the other hand justice emphasizes on equal worth of persons and fair opportunity for all and is guided by a moral obligation to entitlement (Cole, Wellard and Mummery 2014). Customarily patient advocacy has recently been reinforced in the nursing codes of conduct, codes of ethics and standards for practice to promote resolution of these issues in the clinical practice. In the given context Ms. Allens privacy and confidentiality was effectively maintained thus providing evidence for acting in conformity with the autonomy principle. However concealment of facts was done in this case in an effort to do good to her without taxing her with the harsh truth about her prevailing clinical condition. Her family members were fully aware about her clinical condition and they only appealed the nurses of not telling her the truth. No discrimination was performed in treating the patient and therefore justice was adequately protected. In a holistic approach for patient management and treatment strategy a patient and family centered care model has been recommended to better understand the clinical outcomes in such patients. Coordination and communication among all the components involved is thus suggested as integral to patient recovery (Hood 2013). Therefore, in the said case a little violation of autonomy principle was observed due to truth concealment from the p atient although justice was provided to the utmost. In nursing practice consideration of three key aspects of care, vulnerability and dignity have been highlighted as ethical approaches to maintain, protect and promote the self worth of the patient. This has been observed as a foundation for argument based nursing ethics framework (Gastmans 2013). This philosophy may be corroborated with the given case study where the nurses refrained from uttering the truth regarding the diagnosis of cancer in Ms. Ann due to the potential vulnerability of her from actually getting to know the significance of her clinical findings. Care was also properly addressed in terms of provision of moral support to the patient without actually making her aware about the graveness of her ailment. Dignity of Ms. Ann was maintained throughout the treatment regime by virtue of ethical and legal compliance to the professional codes of conduct as referred to in the Singapore Nursing Board guidelines related to Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct for the nurses (A non, 2016). Another aspect of the healthcare sector emphasizes on the active participation of the end users of healthcare commonly referred to as the patients, consumers or public into decision making in both economic and therapeutic fields thereby rendering crucial implications for maintaining the rights of the patient. The rights of the patients include equal access to healthcare from all quarters of the healthcare facility. The right to accept or deny treatment in conjunction with other rights such as formulation of advance directives is yet another key component of the prospective rights to be enjoyed by the patient. The right to information and communication prior to receiving therapeutic interventions is a vital necessity for the patients for procuring enough information related to the health that might affect the recovery process (Johnstone 2015). Thus the rights of the patient in the particular case were protected as far as practicable by accounting her physical treatment modalities and not just emphasizing her individual decision making ability and choices in receiving specific care. Quality care provision was not particularly compromised in the given case although informed decision making was quite limited with an effort to mitigate her psychological distress from knowing the actual truth. As per the empirical research findings, the salient features pertaining to healthcare facility include clashing of ethical principles, issues associated to communication, dearth of resources and quality of care provision. Improved ethics education for care providers will offer better service provision facility within a healthcare setting according to such research (Preshaw et al. 2015). Another crucial principle related to bioethics encompasses beneficence where the caregivers are under the obligation of providing maximum benefit. The aim of the caregiver relies on evaluating the risks and benefits properly in order to provide optimum care. Promotion of well-being is the chief objective of beneficence. The intention of doing good and what is necessary for the patient is the motto of the service providers in abiding by this virtue (Rocco et al. 2014). In the context of the given scenario the virtue of beneficence was followed to the core by the healthcare practitioners since they engaged in doing utmost good for the patient by not revealing the harsh truth of cancer diagnosis. Their efforts were directed to alleviate the mental trauma and panic of the patients from the negative perception and knowledge regarding the ensuing conditions from disease. The fact concealment by the healthcare workers was done for the ultimate good of the patient in the given scenario considering the fact that the patient might be profoundly impacted on knowing the actual truth. Therefore for the sake of the good of the patient and allay the possibility for any sort of mental distress from information related to her diagnosis of cancer was kept secret from Ms. Ann. Apparently though it might seem that the beneficence was not maintained, but on closer inspection it will become evident that the decision for hiding the truth of cancer detection from the pat ient was correct and prudent in terms of gaining long term benefits out of such act. Research has underpins the importance of framing a uniform evidence based ethical infrastructure to facilitate better patient care and clinical outcome. Promotion of correct and case appropriate decision making abilities among the nursing professionals in their professional practice and research are also among the projected purpose of such study (Mallari, Grace and Joseph 2016). Hence the act of the nurses as observed in Ms. Anns case seems perfectly justified. The act of inflicting the least possible harm in order to achieve a positive beneficial outcome is generally referred to as non-malfeasance. Harms and its effects are of pivotal importance in ethical decision making process during clinical practice. Research has highlighted on the unintentional short term and long term harm to be attributable to life saving treatment that enable the patient to recover from their diseased states quite peacefully without any hassle. The notion of doing less harm than doing more good forms the core ideology of this bioethical principle. This virtue in addition to other bioethical virtues guiding the moral code of conduct in a practicing medical professional needs proper evaluation and fixed set of principles to ease the task of the healthcare workers with their regular clinical discourse. Research has highlighted the need of planning ethics content in nursing curricula to improve moral sensitivity and moral reasoning among the students (Park et al. 2012 ). The nursing outcomes classification (NOC) has been indicated as a valid measurement technique to assess the situation of the terminally ill patients suffering from cancer possessing chronic or acute pain within a palliative care unit (Mello et al. 2016). In the given scenario, the nurses with the complete support and informed consent from the family members of Ms. Ann, a cancer patient made utmost effort to inflict least amount of harm to her. Their approach may be attributed to the fact that in order to prevent the risk of developing immense stress and agony from knowing that Ms. Ann was suffering from the incurable and grave disease of cancer, the nurses following repeated appeal from her family members refrained from exposing the truth to the patient. This was done for all good of the patient so that she does not suffer from further complication as a consequence to her diagnosis. Although the nurses are exposed to a situation of ethical dilemma under such circumstances, yet they are found to do commendable jobs by taking measures of not doing harm to the patient. Bolstering ethical awareness is of surmountable significance under such conditions to recognize and acknowledge the unique interests and wishes of the individual patients receiving care under medical supervision of the nurses (Milliken and Grace 2015). Further in the context of hospital setting safety education programs within an organizational framework effective safety nursing activities has been recommended to usher awareness pertaining to patient safety culture (Kang and Park 2016). Hence taking into consideration of the above criteria, the conduct of the nurses in the given scenario was found to be in line with the principle of non-malfeasance. For nursing practice, abiding by the existing rules and legislations is widely reckoned as an essential prerequisite to determine the accountability of the practicing nursing professional by virtue of predefined set of competency standards that are commonly followed in most of the nations worldwide. These laws serve to act as sources of guidance for the nurses in medico-legal cases and also set limitations to independent nursing actions. Maintenance of standards of nursing practice along with differentiation being made between the nurses responsibilities from other healthcare professionals is also the function of the laws concerning nursing practice. Nursing laws are generally the outcome of statutes or legislation that are stringently regulated and amended from time to time by a governing authority (Krautscheid 2014). In nursing practice, serious violation of the relevant laws often leads to criminal or legal prosecution depending upon the seriousness of the situation. Breach of conduct in professional nursing practice often accompanies situation where safety, privacy, confidentiality and dignity of the patients are not adequately addressed thereby paving the ways for criminal prosecution. Nurses are generally held accountable for making sound, professional judgments, anticipating foreseeable damage and being answerable for the actions. For achieving the optimum clinical outcomes relevant to a particular case a holistic mode of treatment strategy is recommended. Collaborative approach for improvising treatment schedule in coalition with the moral and ethical principles endeavor to harbor maximum benefits in clinical nursing practice (Grace 2013). Other guiding principles and standards for practice in nursing emphasizes on proper documentation of medical records, strict monitoring of the drug admin istration and undertaking a person centered care approach unique to each patient to ensure quality healthcare service. Maintenance of privacy and confidentiality of the retrieved patient data in keeping with the human rights and informed consent protocol are the two vital legal considerations in nursing practice and the Human Rights Act (1998) and Data Protection Act (2003) may be referred in this context (Mair 2014). In the given scenario all the legal implications were followed adequately to ensure the best possible clinical outcomes in the cancer patient. The case of Ms. Ann can be further analyzed on the basis of the deontological philosophy of normative ethical theory. It states that right or wrong actions do not account for the consequences; instead they act as indicators of agreement with moral norms and rules. Intention is the matter of consideration in such theories to judge the rationality of a particular task. In short actions determine the goodness or badness out of a scenario. Telling the truth and keeping promises are perceived as integral to comply by a set of moral decorum even for situations where harm might occur. Democratic professionalism has been detected as an important contributing factor in establishing social justice in this regard (Thompson 2014). Following the given case scenario, the deontological philosophy was not fully satisfied as the nurses intentionally refrained from telling the truth to the patient regarding her cancer diagnosis. It was a conscious decision on the nurses parts to not reveal the truth with a specific purpose of reducing and mitigating the burden of psychological distress in the patient. Thus this theory of judging the moral rightness of an act in terms of the intrinsic moral value of the act itself through deontology was found to be incongruent and inconclusive in Ms. Anns context. Deeper probe into the theories guiding the ethical conduct of a person and pertinent to healthcare settings in case of the practicing nurses, the concept of utilitarianism may be considered for discussion. It is based on the principle that an action is morally right if it has the ability to generate greater amount of good or happiness than any other possible act. Thus the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall utility (Qi, Xu and Shan 2013). Production of the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people is another key feature of the utilitarianism philosophy and essentially adopts a teleological approach to ethics and supports in favor of judging an action based upon its consequences. Careful, objective and impartial evaluations of the consequences are some of the other vital concepts relevant to this theory (Alligood 2013). Ms. Anns case study corroborates with the philosophy of the utilitarianism where actions were very much intended to harbor optimum benefits from concealment of truth from the patient to do ultimate good to her. Such decisions reflected upon bringing happiness and relief to majority of the persons involved in the case encompassing the patient, her family members and the attending healthcare providers. The patient did not have to face the trauma of knowing the truth while the family was relived of not informing their loved one about the tragedy of the terminal illness. The nurses were also happy to perform to the best of their capability of what was expected out of them under such demanding scenario. Conclusion In fine assessing from the situations that had thwarted the nurse to encounter a perception of ethical dilemma, a proper feedback in handling similar scenarios may be obtained. The nurse performed case suited responsibility through prudence and pragmatism to ensure the best possible remedy and benefit for the patient named Ms. Ann diagnosed with cancer without doing any harm that might have repercussive outcomes in future. Thus beneficence and non-maleficence virtue was accurately addressed. Justice was done in this case as it was fair to make the patient unaware about her specific problem for her own good as disclosure of the actual reality might delay her chances of recovery and put her into more complication because of potential risks of psychological setbacks (Cherry and Jacob 2015). The right action for the immediate good of the patient was done through concealments of the facts pertaining to her medical condition that was in line with the philosophical theory of utilitarianism. However the near and dear ones of the patient comprising of her family members were made aware about her situation and obligatory duty by the nurses was performed in compliance with the deontological concept. Self dignity and rights of the patient was also maintained in the clinical handling situation that may be rationalized in the context of preservation of autonomy (Kuhse and Singer 2013). Hence, overall consideration of the patient circumstances pertaining to the given scenario provides insightful knowledge regarding patient handling appropriate to a specific case and in offering evidence based care in clinical setting. The professional codes of conduct, ethical and legal issues in healthcare are thus imperative to provide maximum healthcare utility for patients demanding critical care services facilitating the possibility of recuperation in such cases. References Alligood, M.R., 2013.Nursing theory: Utilization application. Elsevier Health Sciences. Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.healthprofessionals.gov.sg/.../snb/.../Code%20of%20Ethics%20and%20Professi [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Apcsnbcbmp, G. and Grace, P.J., 2013. Nursing Ethics and Professional Responsibility in Advanced Practice. Beauchamp, T.L., 2016. Principlism in Bioethics. InBioethical Decision Making and Argumentation(pp. 1-16). Springer International Publishing. Bossaert, L.L., Perkins, G.D., Askitopoulou, H., Raffay, V.I., Greif, R., Haywood, K.L., Mentzelopoulos, S.D., Nolan, J.P., Van de Voorde, P., Xanthos, T.T. and Lippert, F.K., 2015. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 11. The ethics of resuscitation and end-of-life decisions. Cherry, B. and Jacob, S.R., 2015.Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, management. Elsevier Health Sciences. Cole, C., Wellard, S. and Mummery, J., 2014. Problematising autonomy and advocacy in nursing.Nursing ethics, p.0969733013511362. Elwyn, G., Frosch, D., Thomson, R., Joseph-Williams, N., Lloyd, A., Kinnersley, P., Cording, E., Tomson, D., Dodd, C., Rollnick, S. and Edwards, A., 2012. Shared decision making: a model for clinical practice.Journal of general internal medicine,27(10), pp.1361-1367. Gastmans, C., 2013. Dignity-enhancing nursing care A foundational ethical framework.Nursing Ethics,20(2), pp.142-149. Hood, L., 2013.Leddy Pepper's conceptual bases of professional nursing. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Johnstone, M.J., 2015.Bioethics: a nursing perspective. Elsevier Health Sciences. Kang, J.M. and Park, J.S., 2016. Relationship between Perception of Patient Safety Culture and Performance for Safety Care Activity in Rehabilitation Hospital Nurse.The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing,19(1), pp.12-19. Krautscheid, L.C., 2014. Defining professional nursing accountability: A literature review.Journal of Professional Nursing,30(1), pp.43-47. Kuhse, H. and Singer, P. eds., 2013.A companion to bioethics. John Wiley Sons. Lo, B., 2012.Resolving ethical dilemmas: a guide for clinicians. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Mair, J., 2014. An introduction to legal aspects of nursing practice.Contexts of Nursing, p.167. Mallari, M.S.N., Grace, M. and Joseph, D., 2016. Ethical Frameworks for Decision-Making in Nursing Practice and Research: An Integrative Review. McLennon, S.M., Uhrich, M., Lasiter, S., Chamness, A.R. and Helft, P.R., 2013. Oncology nurses narratives about ethical dilemmas and prognosis-related communication in advanced cancer patients.Cancer nursing,36(2), pp.114-121. Mello, B.S., Massutti, T.M., Longaray, V.K., Trevisan, D.F. and de Ftima Lucena, A., 2016. Applicability of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to the evaluation of cancer patients with acute or chronic pain in palliative care.Applied Nursing Research,29, pp.12-18. Milliken, A. and Grace, P., 2015. Nurse ethical awareness Understanding the nature of everyday practice.Nursing ethics, p.0969733015615172. Park, M., Kjervik, D., Crandell, J. and Oermann, M.H., 2012. The relationship of ethics education to moral sensitivity and moral reasoning skills of nursing students.Nursing ethics,19(4), pp.568-580. Preshaw, D.H., Brazil, K., McLaughlin, D. and Frolic, A., 2015. Ethical issues experienced by healthcare workers in nursing homes Literature review.Nursing ethics, p.0969733015576357. Qi, H.J., Xu, L.Z. and Shan, K., 2013. Analysis on Application of Utilitarianism in Health Decision-Making.Chinese Health Economics,9, p.007. Rocco, G., Affonso, D.D., Mayberry, L.J., Stievano, A., Alvaro, R. and Sabatino, L., 2014. Global Qualitative Nursing Research. ten Have, H.A. and Gordijn, B., 2014.Global bioethics(pp. 3-18). Springer Netherlands. Thompson, J.L., 2014. Discourses of social justice: examining the ethics of democratic professionalism in nursing.Advances in Nursing Science,37(3), pp.E17-E34. Walker, B.R. and Colledge, N.R., 2013.Davidson's principles and practice of medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Soteriology Essay Example

Soteriology Essay Jesus violent death is a part of the mystery of God’s plan where his establishment of the eternal plan of predestination was based on a person’s free response to his grace. God has permitted the acts that flowed from the blindness of man for the sole purpose of accomplishing his plan of salvation. It reflects total obedience even in the midst of suffering and pain to do the will of God for the greater good and salvation of mankind. It is the humble predestination of defeating sin, condemning human nature of self, and beginning to look into the mystery of God’s love by an act of sacrifice nobody would ever understand the need to contain the entire wrath and the consequences of sin by mere defeat of his death out of the Blessed Trinity’s love for mankind. For man has been so proud that human nature does not know how to stoop down in humility to beg for God’s forgiveness that God has sent his only begotten Son to show us the way how to manifest atonement of our sins done by the act of selfless love. Jesus has exhibited everything that a person finds contrary to the strength of human nature which is being subjected to extreme suffering, temptation, hunger, thirst even death. Everything that Jesus has done on the face of the earth is done to perform the will of God in order to appease his wrath and to restore our fellowship or that image of a father and son relationship. This implies that the only way to God’s kingdom and favor is through the cross which seems to please him and make him grant us forgiveness regardless of the severity of the relationship sin has done to us and the hardness of our hearts. We will write a custom essay sample on Soteriology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Soteriology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Soteriology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer God loves us so much that he taught us how to return the favor of that selfless love. The subjective cleansing of the sinner is a continuing process as the redemption was purchased by Jesus from the ruler of this world applied by the Holy Spirit to those who lay down his freewill to follow the mystery of salvation and to those who accepted the unfathomed cleansing of the soul by the suffering one gets from what God has sent to restore us to his flock. The pain that strikes us serves to soften our hearts, cleanse our body and soul, and open our doors to wisdom nobody can ever comprehend but only those who had undergone the process of complete surrender and seeking God’s face amidst the chaos of the   mind brought about by the chaos of this world[1]. Where in this process, at the lowest moment of your life, man will come to meet God, know him, and desire to know him more. This reaches out to the supernatural being of God through spirituality, not basic but deep spirituality. The unfolding of God’s nature and the development of the relationship is incomparable. He who reveals himself to the one who seeks him gives him the strength and the capability to live in entire poverty and dire simplicity but still is at peace and comfortable with himself. Nothing can ever substitute the peace and happiness that we feel when the Holy Spirit reveals himself and teach you wisdom in consolation. God just wanted to be your God, for you to seek his face, gain a part of his wisdom from the personal teachings of the Holy Spirit, and maintain the desire to live in constant fellowship with him in humility and complete surrender of freewill. Man will and can only truly understand love and true care from the guidance of the Holy Spirit in the greater understanding of the word. The Holy Spirit’s revelations and teachings enables us how to become pleasing in the eyes of God. The process is personal and is different in every person noted by the change in the person’s heart, facial expression, and the only time that mind and heart comes into agreement molding anew our values and our faith. It is indeed true that the longest journey of man is his travel from his heart to his mind. The realization is evident when we let conscience, wisdom, and goodness shape our hearts and our mind, there is a definite change in views and reflections of maturity in a different kind of spiritual level. Understanding the process requires an openness of the heart, meditation, and prayer where we keep the sphere of seeking God’s face. Knock the doors of heaven as the blood of Jesus has knocked at the doors of his Father to open the way for us. We as sinners has been spared because Jesus took our places and died in our stead.   His death emerges as the central truth in the Christian doctrine of redemption: the atonement, which is the very significance of Jesus death. He was wounded for our transgressions and out of indebtedness we follow his instruction to always remember the passion and offer him in the altar at the holy mass so our prayers and sacrifices will be accepted by the Father in atonement of our sins by making him remember the paschal mystery of the blood of the lamb that has freely merited life for us and by which God has reconciled us to himself and to one another. The very concept of the substitution of the bread and wine to the body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ offered in the Holy Mass through the sacrament of consecration serves us three things: adoration, thanksgiving, and expiation. Jesus was exhibited here as the only mediator and pleasing sacrifice between God and man. The sacrifice is very easy to see indeed but this serves as the cornerstone of our belief. Man’s response to God in faith professes his witnessing to the existence of God whom we cannot see but is revealed in many ways around us and in the events of our lives. Recognition of the mystery of substitution is only captured through the eyes of faith. The desire for God is already written in the hearts of man waiting for the response of faith to accept and trust him to be our God in all entireties as a person and by complete surrender of freewill. When God allows circumstances to refine us through suffering, it is an opportunity to gain insight to the meaning of life and what and where it has taken us. We believe that everything happens for a reason. In today’s world where modernism has changed a lot of hand me down traditions and practices of the church, pain and suffering is necessary as an invitation to one’s walk of faith. Conversion Conversion is rather recognized as a conversion of the heart rather than a conversion of religion. It is a process of reconciling our person with our creator and our God. It is always done through many forms of human pain and suffering that usually leads us to the doors of repentance, an act of acknowledging one’s sin and admission of one’s transgressions. It is that one moment in our life when we come to know what we lack in ourselves and what we miss in our life that ultimately leads us to seek the face of God and abstain in a lot of worldly matters to be able to see him. We ought to suffer in silence and seek him in silence. Silence is hearing the word of the Holy Spirit, taking his presence and gaining his wisdom leading us to read and know God more through the Holy Scriptures. True to its sense, the word is the bread of life, feeding us, feeding our souls. As the days passed, the Holy Spirit will accompany us to our travels of a holy life. Keeping us stronger by its power to envelope us with his presence and of his love. As the days passed, we come to meet a lot of people and a lot of reality that serves to nourish our understanding of life devoid of the faculties of intelligence but always seeing the person and the environment the way the Holy Spirit wants us to see them. It is with this development, that we come to fulfill the sole requirement of faith which we derived from our own travails of faith experience changing us, refining us. It is at this time that we hunger more of God’s word, thirst for his presence, cry for our sinfulness that we have a lot of flashbacks in the past. A lot of it are the sins that we have to know to realize and understand are keeping us away from him. And so we come to confess and cry during the process of reparation to reach out to him wanting to hold and hug him but there is only faith and that feeling of presence that is left in us to confirm his existence. It is something that we know is not there but we are confident it exist and is guiding us for our goodness sake. Wishing he could be present himself in human form so we can talk to him like we talk to other people. But no, with him it is different, we cry a lot, we suffer, and yet we become stronger and experience a different kind of peace while immersing ourselves in his presence during deep prayers and quite time. We can never meet him if we don’t seek him with all our heart and we don’t empty ourselves before his throne (ECCCE 1994). Our soul is very lonely without him and it is through the challenge of silence that we denounce the world, clean our houses, cast out a lot of worldly attachments and make way for the presence. We can never let the Holy Spirit come into our hearts if we are so full of worldly preoccupation. This is the very rationale of emptiness which means being devoid of worldly attachments and focus our minds, body, hearts to him and him alone. Repentance is more on looking for our faults and how our tongue and our actions have hurt others and feeling gravely sorry for everything that you have done to hurt God and to hurt other people. It is never a means to justify our actions against righteousness. It is always seeing our faults and asking forgiveness for what we have done to restore our relationship with God in every minute of our lives. Genuine conversion lies in the hearts of man and not in the verbal proclamation of plainly believing and being saved. Conversion is closing the doors of sin, the ultimate dying of self and letting the Holy Spirit guide us to become a part of his divine plan leading us to the unknown but yet fulfilling the ultimate part of making us new in all humility. When we humbly seek the face of God and seek for his fellowship, we ask first for his forgiveness and seek to cleanse our hearts through repentance and confession. It is a matter of professing our faith from the very experiences and witnessing God has so kindly affords us to experience through tears and mostly tears. We die first on our sins and come to live again renewed manifesting the typology of the dynamic movement of the fulfillment of the divine plan where we came to live for God and God alone. And such is the force and power of God that has supported the Church all through the ages. Man then is being given the grace of faith by the workings of the Holy Spirit who moves hearts and converts it for God which makes it justifiably easy for the person to wholeheartedly accept the truth and believe and choose God to be God. Without faith it is not possible to see God and attain his fellowship. As we were never coerced to believe in him we are always invited to believe in him where from our acceptance the Holy Spirit can freely work in us to serve him in spirit and in truth. Regeneration then is being felt and known by the converted sinner the moment he is always envelope by peace, freedom, joy and hearing to sensing the guidance of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit does not stop working is us, it is then and only when we are so preoccupied with the pace and attachments of this world that we are unable to hear him. This is why we have to discipline ourselves and commune with God in silence to hear his guidance and feel his presence always inside and beside us the way he wants us to feel and know him. We can never choose, for God alone knows the way our hearts run and in him alone can we find the satisfaction and longing our hearts so desires. He is everything, the way to peace, the way to love, the way to fulfillment in life for we are created for him and him alone but given the freewill to accept or deny his invitation. At times when we are so low and everything else is gone. When we come to know that our world is falling apart and that we are left to master the treachery of this world alone in our failures, we don’t give up and commit suicide. It is a matter of going in circles round your room to analyze why this has happen in your life. Maybe it is but proper for humanity to fail. Sickness and failure in every sense has come to claim your life and it is inevitably making suicide seem to be the only option for all the frustrations and the disappointments felt therein. Come to pause a moment and cry and reach out to heaven, maybe shout to the Lord. You will realize that he always comes to the rescue, because that was his personal invitation to accept his fellowship known as the CUE. When we respond in faith accepting his invitation with our freewill, the process of conversion of the heart will then start to transform us to almost the goodness of his image gaining a part of his wisdom from the workings of the Holy Spirit. This is the real conversion experience one must welcome in tears and joy. The contrary emotional attributes of the failures, frustrations, pain, and hurt in any form but it is now our reality, we feel what we feel maybe a lot of it we don’t understand and just happen to meet during the refinement process. Our spirituality change and the way we deal with people and the world change. Seeing and understanding the complexities of human nature while praying for them is another gift of the converted repentant sinner. We start to see our environment in the light of blessing and pure gratitude of how God has provided for us and come to see people in the light of our spirituality which makes us understand how we lack patience and humility to begin to love the most difficult attitude for the love and sake of our God. With him everything else is new and amazingly different based on the real measures of faith and love that we come to bow and kneel before his throne as a child, never an ad ult, always as a child, the way he wants us to be in his presence: a child of God. Sanctification and perseverance: its context and its meaning Faith needs nurturing. The word of God does it all: strengthening us, molding us like a potter’s clay, transforming our hearts in the process of conversion, refining our souls like gold perfectly refined in fire in the process of purification, and claiming us back to his arms. Sanctification may be seen as a progressive continuing process in us.   The Holy Spirit sanctifies us, guides us and strengthens us on our continuous struggle over sin and being steadfast in our obedience to God. Sanctification focuses on predestined God’s plan where favors predict setting apart a person for a specific divine purpose from those who have not yet received the gospel. The moment we are saved in Jesus we are immediately sanctified and begin the process of conforming to the image of Jesus (Hoekema 1989). Sanctification is actually an inward spiritual process. God brings holiness and change in our hearts by the works of the Holy Spirit. God has given us both opportunity and responsibility to work out our own sanctification seen as a challenge in the aspect of our Christian walk to be a vessel of honor, sanctified and prepared for every good work in the mystery of God’s plan. Our spiritual union with God through prayers comforts us in our hardships making us overly sensitive to the leading of the Holy Spirit from where we gather the strength to overcome sin. Faced with God’s fascinating and mysterious presence, man uncovers his own insignificance called by grace to a covenant with his creator in a matter of position and progression on our response of faith and love. For in the history of creation God has created everything for man where man’s role is to serve and love God alone and offer all creation back to him. Sanctification is every believer’s responsibility to seek righteousness drawn from the changed on his mind’s purpose and intent involving relative quite comparative changed on qualities and disposition. Partaking of God’s grace affects the soul first then progresses to the body as both are capable to manifest total obedience to the will of God. Sanctification represents the idea of position or relationship existing between God and a person consecrated to him based on the concept of the Holy Spirit leadings on moral and spiritual qualities which is the fundamental tool in development of inner values towards holiness. It is the concept of consecration of thought and devotion to the service of God which explains what is set aside from the world for God should also separate himself from the defilement of this world in order to share and obtain God’s purity. It is a never ending process indeed we are being asked to persevere in our watch so we won’t be t aken by the adversary who is more than willing to snatch poor souls from the cradle of love. The converted person’s thread of moralism is solely dependent on his relation with God and of the grace of God. To live a life of virtue, man merits the approval of God by a life of poverty, penance, and good works. Sanctification is a supernatural impartation of a new infused energy of the divine life where the soul is lifted to a new level or higher order of being enabling it to achieve the destiny of divination by knowing, possessing, and enjoying God. This imparts in us the permanent habit of inherent righteousness to carry within ourselves this sanctifying grace to perfection as in the case of the saints who willingly suffers, sacrifices themselves in full consummation of the soul for the glory of God. This procedure is not applicable to a group but is rather individualistic and defines a very personal relationship with God nobody can ever possess or take except for whom it was destined and given. An overwhelming grace of being subjected to the holy presence of God affecting our senses gratifying us to saintly disposition where by its revelation is being transmitted to this world affecting other people like a disease which also attempts to influence their own conversion of hearts. It is a kind of a contagious inner happiness and holiness radiating to the other person affecting him and his state of being through constant exposure of the rays of holiness invading his senses affecting his stands in this world for the greater good. Of course this is very different from the definition of sex appeal but the idea of radiating is more like it but intensely contagious. Sanctification takes place at the crisis of death and resurrection of the dead which was thoroughly described in our discussion on death to sin and renewal of life in faith and by the grace of the Holy Spirit. We must realize that in the conversion one undergoes death and afterwards resurrection by response of faith to God’s invitation. The soul’s death and the soul’s resurrection are partly the work of God and partly the work of man as believers cooperate. The instrumentality of man as a rational being requires free cooperation of all his faculties much more on his intelligence. Sanctification is absolutely requesting diligence and perseverance in the employment of the means which at times faith may seem to falter because of the soul’s weariness and the human body’s limitation to absorb pain and hurt from the other inhabitants of this world. Communion with God in deep prayer is the only thing that gives us consolation by the inexplicable joy felt when granted of his presence by the merits of grace and tears. One may consider the strength of the grace to be able to make the shift from this world to the domains of the supernatural world. And it will take a lot of effort on man’s part to come back to continue to live on this world if one has already experienced being in the supernatural world of God. This entirely different world sometimes frustrates the sanctified soul for he never would want to come back to this world again but rather choose to remain in the domains of the supernatural where God does not allow extensions on feeling the presence of his grace. It happens only in a matter of seconds or even minutes where the soul has no concern of time merely satiating the longings of his soul. We have to come back to this world because each of the sanctified soul has a role to play and their lives are a part of Godâ €™s plan of salvation. The soul then makes the body persevere in a lot of ways or by which God has sent to us to make us able to bear difficulties and hardships in silence, calmly, and without complaints always offering every drop of tear for the mortification and salvation of our own souls and of the souls of others. The amazing grace leaves us lasting impressions on selfless love. Our role as Christians is to support each other for the love of Christ and of the salvation of other men to build up the body of Christ and the church. Considering ourselves as the temple of the Holy Spirit, we are then to commit ourselves to help rebuild the body by the help of the gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit always teaching us to pray through the heart and not by the mind. When prayers shift from the mind to the heart then and only then we will be able to obtain the tools to endure the means. A believer may persevere until the end always enduring or lose his salvation in a blink of an eye by getting back to the sins he once denounced. It has been always easy to step backwards than forward on to holiness. The jump could be so fatal to the soul and to the body. Holiness needs deep prayer and daily communion with God. We must allow ourselves to be silent to be able to listen to the leading of the Holy Spirit. We must allow the Holy Spirit to teach us the real meaning of the scriptures and apply it in our respective reality. Man must understand that without the guidance of the Holy Spirit, interpretation may vary and may lead us astray. Prayer, silence, meditation and continuous praise and adoration are very important in maintaining our relationship with God acting as our strength to be able to endure and persevere until the end of our time. The solution to prevent our fall is always annotated from our basic responses of faith. The biblical teachings of the assurance of salva tion always rotate on faith and perseverance of the soul. Predestination and election Arminianism is a teaching on predestination as a pathway already mapped out for all the foreknown. It stands on the belief that whatever God has decreed with regards to man has been founded on the foresight of their conduct. The idea of God respecting freewill is not eternal but is made in time. Armenians hold that God foreseeing from all eternity predicts that some people will repent and believe in him and so elects them to everlasting life. Election is the act of choosing the person God wants to bestow his saving grace like the election of Christ and of Israel. Foreseeing others to continue to sin God does no further attempts to save but instead leaves them to perish (Hill Hill 1842). Calvinistic doctrines on election and predestination describe God’s mercy as a mystery offered to a predestined elect group of individuals. God being the alpha and the omega knows how things will run in the past, present and the future. His foreknowledge of events is indeed amazing enough to call for equality in his attempts to save mankind based from man’s freewill and response of faith. God’s grace can never act if man does not respond to accept his offer of redemption. It is that one thing in the context of man that God respects never imposing his will upon man always respecting the power of choice. He loves to be chosen and loved in the foundations of trust and faith and not by the mere imposition of it. Jesus has made the official sacrifice for the salvation of every man without exception. But the idea of conversion always meets halfway: God’s offer and man’s acceptance. God chooses us out because we have special roles to play in his divine plan of salvation and whatever is the motive of the choosing is beyond the understanding and philosophical analysis of man otherwise God won’t be God and man will play God. It is this supernatural high degree of intellectuality that separates God from the structure of his creation. What he decides and wills is always for the greater good of mankind and not just for the glory of a certain group or person. For we do not see only those who have benefited greatly in physical strength out of his saving grace like Israel but rather continue our search on the whys and how on the sufferings of the saints and why they were chosen to suffer. Faith, relationship, and salvation play different roles beyond the comprehension of man. God pr actices equality and has sent the invitation to everyone. It is entirely within our reach, if and only if we believe and accept him in complete surrender of our will that he can freely work in us. Favors therefore lies in our hearts and faith and from those who prayed for us to obtain one. nbsp;

Monday, November 25, 2019

Free Essays on Narritave Essay

Narrative Essay PAGE1 My name is J. I’m going to tell you about something very frightening that happened to me. It all started with me and a few of my friends. I got a call around ten o’clock on a Saturday night. It was my friend Aaron, who wanted to know if I was going out. I told him that I had been planning to go to Club South Beach. This club is located at 5 Dove St. on Hilton Head Island. We met up inside the club at half past eleven. Then Aaron’s older brother Sheldon showed up. We started to drink a bit, dance, and have fun. You know the type of things that should be done at a dance club. Sheldon and I were not drunk but Aaron was buzzing at bit. This created a problem because when Aaron gets drunk he tends to enjoy fighting. It was around one o’clock when my cell phone rang. It was my best friend Isaac. He told me to bring myself, Aaron, and Sheldon to Club Life. This club was just around the corner so it was no problem to go there, so we did. Isaac was there with Chelesy, Vicki, Karen, Beau and a few of our other friends. We all started dancing, drinking and just having fun there. Aaron was not always dancing in the little group that we formed though. He seemed to be making his way around the club dancing with all the other ladies. Then out of nowhere a catfight* broke out. It was a pretty nasty one. The two girls were fighting like grown men, with PAGE 2 their fists balled up. *A catfight is two ladies fighting. It was around 1:45 when the DJ said last call. We quickly went to the bar so we could all have a Red-Headed-Slut*. Then all of us proceeded to make our way out the door to exit the club. We stood out side the club for a while then we went to the end of the walkway to talk in one large group. We were about five minutes into a group discussion when two Mexicans in an old Cammaro pulled up. They were obviously drunk... Free Essays on Narritave Essay Free Essays on Narritave Essay Narrative Essay PAGE1 My name is J. I’m going to tell you about something very frightening that happened to me. It all started with me and a few of my friends. I got a call around ten o’clock on a Saturday night. It was my friend Aaron, who wanted to know if I was going out. I told him that I had been planning to go to Club South Beach. This club is located at 5 Dove St. on Hilton Head Island. We met up inside the club at half past eleven. Then Aaron’s older brother Sheldon showed up. We started to drink a bit, dance, and have fun. You know the type of things that should be done at a dance club. Sheldon and I were not drunk but Aaron was buzzing at bit. This created a problem because when Aaron gets drunk he tends to enjoy fighting. It was around one o’clock when my cell phone rang. It was my best friend Isaac. He told me to bring myself, Aaron, and Sheldon to Club Life. This club was just around the corner so it was no problem to go there, so we did. Isaac was there with Chelesy, Vicki, Karen, Beau and a few of our other friends. We all started dancing, drinking and just having fun there. Aaron was not always dancing in the little group that we formed though. He seemed to be making his way around the club dancing with all the other ladies. Then out of nowhere a catfight* broke out. It was a pretty nasty one. The two girls were fighting like grown men, with PAGE 2 their fists balled up. *A catfight is two ladies fighting. It was around 1:45 when the DJ said last call. We quickly went to the bar so we could all have a Red-Headed-Slut*. Then all of us proceeded to make our way out the door to exit the club. We stood out side the club for a while then we went to the end of the walkway to talk in one large group. We were about five minutes into a group discussion when two Mexicans in an old Cammaro pulled up. They were obviously drunk...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Welfare Reform Affects Us All Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Welfare Reform Affects Us All - Essay Example Roosevelt signed into law the Social Security Act. This provided for many social programs aimed at helping people recover and get back on their feet. Within this legislation was provision for the unemployed, affordable housing, medical insurance, food assistance, as well as Aid to Families with Dependent Children. There were also many management agencies created to monitor the situation and ensure that the benefits were actually performing to their maximum potential; however, somewhere along the way, something went terribly wrong. What started out as a stopgap measure to help the nation get back on its feet again quickly blossomed into an aid-dependency mentality that has spanned three generations. It’s a well known fact that anytime a person is given rights without being held accountable for those rights, respect for those rights falls. This is part of what has happened in our country with regards to social programs. Many people have developed not only a dependency, but also an entitlement concept that produces antisocial behavior and beliefs. So much so that in 1994, the Welfare, Food Stamps, and Medicaid programs comprised 20% of the national budget. On August 22, 1996, President Clinton signed into law the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. Initially many politicians were afraid that there would be horrible results with families and children going hungry and becoming homeless. They felt that forcing Welfare recipients to go to work would jeopardize their children who would be left at home to fend for themselves while their primary care taker was at work. Seriously ill people, especially children, would not be able to receive treatment for their conditions and could possibly die. The Leftists Liberals painted a stunning picture of how America would become the scene of another Third World country with abject poverty and lack of basic human needs being met. Parents would be forced to get a divorce in order to get the amount of money needed by a family to actually survive on government assistance. Actually, it was never intended that a family could live happily ever after on government assistance with no need to do anything more than stand in line and reproduce yearly. What actually happened during the Welfare reform was simply amazing. Not only did the doomsday prophets prove to be totally incorrect, but also there was not part of the system that didn’t flourish under the new rules. It was discovered that the main contributors to a badly flawed system were intergenerational poverty, out-of-wedlock births, and system dependency. The very problems that the social programs had sought to eradicate were actually made larger through the programs. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act had these components that made it one of the strongest pieces of legislation aimed at fighting poverty in the late 20th century. It’s goals were to:1) end Welfare as an entitlement pr ogram, 2) require recipients to secure employment after two years on the system, 3) place a lifetime limit of five years on government assistance programs, 4) support two-parent families and discourage illegitimate births, and 5) enhance child support enforcement. The actual strength of this legislation was the back-to-work ethic for everyone to increase their self-esteem and confidence and decrease their dependency on handouts. People learned that they could become productive members of society again and become part of the solution not only for the economy, but also for their own families. Through increased child support enforcement, fathers could once again take pride in providing for their offspring. Back-to-work training programs gave people the necessary skills needed to enter the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Advanced Corporate Finance Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advanced Corporate Finance Assignment - Essay Example Johansson declines to any more talks on a merger. Two days later, Pfizer decides to make its interest on AstraZeneca public. It reaches 2nd May, 2014, when Pfizer raises its offer to  £63bn to AstraZeneca. The offer was attached with the pledge for Pfizer to attach its European operations in and 20% of the merged companys workforce be located at Cambridge for the first five years. Still there was a rejection of this second offer by AstraZeneca. AstraZeneca goes ahead on 6th May, 2014, to publish a strategy update that highlighted its drugs in development. On 7th May, there was a call to issue a stronger reassurance by Pfizer. This followed the unrest over the political pressure of job losses and cut on the UK science researchers. A day later, the former science Minister, Lord Sainsbury accuses Pfizer of being an asset stripper, hence urges that the companys takeover interest should be blocked. On 10th May, Read, in a video, on the official Pfizer website, refers to the merger as a win-win situation and prefers the use of AstraZenecas Cambridge science hub and the UKs science researchers in general. Pascal Soriot, who is the chief executive of AstraZeneca, says the merger would risk lives by delaying drug development. Read then admits that the merger would for sure lead to job cuts and reduced research spending. The chair of this committee then writes to the science minister expressing his concerns over the merger case. On 16th May, there was an increased bid by the labors shadow business secretary to block Pfizer from the takeover. The government officials, on 18th May, agreed to amend the terms of the British governments public interest test. In this light, only ministers were allowed to block takeovers after adequate concerns were raised against the takeover. On the same day, Pfizer raised its offer to  £69.4bn which makes AstraZeneca to be very eager to get back into the negotiations. However, AstraZeneca still rejected the last

Monday, November 18, 2019

Unemployment Rate or GDP OR CPI Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unemployment Rate or GDP OR CPI - Research Paper Example Thus, since GDP is a full representation of economic growth and production, it has a relatively large impact on nearly every aspect in the economy. When a certain economy is considered healthy, there are a number of related characteristics; low rate of unemployment and an increase in the level of wages as many businesses demand more labor in order to cater for the ever growing economy (Brezina, 20). Any slight change in the level of GDP is significant to a given economy since it affects the entire stock market. Economists have always argued that any bad economy is always associated with lower profits which implies that there are lower prices o stock in the markets. Thus, many investors in any economy will ever worry about the negative growth of GDP as it is a sole factor used to determine if an economy is on recession or not. A recession is associated with declining revenues in businesses, unemployment and layoffs (Lochner, 3). Moreover, when the growth rate of GDP is relatively fast, most Federal Reserve raise the rates of interest in order to stem inflation or rather the increasing prices in an economy. This could imply that the loans which are meant for homes and cars will become more expensive and thus businesses will experience high cost of borrowing. GDP is an extremely important measure in any country’s economy. Despite the fact that GDP cannot be easily determined, its value represents so many aspects in any given economy. This measure is significant to overall spending of a nation since depressions and recessions of a particular country are largely caused by the overall rate of spending. Furthermore, GDP is a measure of confidence since when the government, companies and individuals spend; it is a likely indication of a growing economy. However, when no one is spending, it is a likely indication of a contracting economy. Therefore, this

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Impact of Motivational Tools on Performance

Impact of Motivational Tools on Performance INTRODUCTION Motivation plays a critical role in achieving goals and business objectives and is equally important for companies that work in a team-based environment or in a workplace comprised of workers who work independently. Making sure each employees workplace goals and values are aligned with the organizations mission and vision is important for creating and maintaining a high level of motivation. Many business managers today are not aware of the effects that motivation can (and does) have on their business. The size of your business is irrelevant: whether the size of staff is fifty or just one, everyone needs some form of motivation. The key is to awaken this motivation from within each employee by various methods such as incentives, loyalty, support, discipline, security, and recognition, among others, which in turn will goad each employee to do his or her best. In todays economy more so in knowledge based industry IT, ITES, BPO the biggest task is to motivate and retain the employees .Managers today realize the fact that high staff turnover can prove costly and reward employees with monetary or tangible as well as non-monetary or intangible compensation to limit employee turnover, improve employee morale and job satisfaction and enhance employee performance. Frederick Herzberg is regarded as one of the original pioneers of management and employee motivational theory. His book The Motivation to Work written in 1959, and expanded upon by later books, postulated that there are two very different sets of factors that drive behaviour in the workplace.   Many other theories since then have also gained currency like the McGregors Theory X and Y, Maslows Motivation Theory of Hierarchy of Needs, Three-Need Theory/ Acquired Need Theory etc. Motivational strategies can help improve employee performance, reduce the chances of low employee morale, encourage teamwork and instill a positive attitude during challenging times. Managers can successfully motivate their employees through empathy, leading by example, Management by Objectives (MBO), fairness to all, rewards, awards and recognition for long-service and good work, opportunity for employees training and development, periodical promotion and increase in take-home pay, welfare package like employees children scholarship, free medical services for employees and their families, recognition of birthdays of employees, the creation of a sense of belonging among all employees, regular feedback from employees, effective communication in the project environment and assurance of employees future within and without the organisation, providing a conducive and attractive working environment for the employees, and instituting conflict resolution management. Nothing motivates better than working in a cohesive team and being seen as part of a success story. Workers are motivated when they are getting results, otherwise, they feel depressed and weak. Other motivating factors are secondary. Managers should be aware that their job is to plan, organise, control, supervise and direct motivated employees to achieve objectives. COMPANY PROFILE Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is Indias largest Fast Moving Consumer Goods  company, touching the lives of two out of three Indians with over 20 distinct categories in  Home Personal Care Products and Foods Beverages. They endow the company with  a scale of combined volumes of about 4 million tones and sales of Rs.10, 000 cores. HUL is also one of the countrys largest exporters; the Government of India has  recognized it as a Golden Super Star Trading House. The mission that inspires HULs 36,000 employees, including over 1,350  managers, is to add vitality to life. HUL meets every day needs for nutrition, hygiene,  and personal care with brands that help people feel good, look good and get more out of  life. It is a mission HUL share with its parent company, Unilever, which holds 51.55% of  the equity. The rest of the shareholding is distributed among 380,000 individual  shareholders and financial institutions. HULs brands Food brands Home care brands Personal care brands Water Nutrition Health, hygiene beauty The operations involve over 2,000 suppliers and associates. HULs distribution network, comprising about 7,000 redistribution stockiest, directly covers the entire urban population, and about 250 million rural consumers. HUL has traditionally been a company, which incorporates latest technology in all  its operations. The Hindustan Unilever Research Center (HULRC) was set up in 1958, and  now has facilities in Mumbai and Bangalore. HULRC and the Global Technology Centers  in India have over 200 highly qualified scientists and technologists, many with postdoctoral  experience acquired in the US and Europe. Structure of the organization HUL has about 15,000 employees, including over 1400 managers. DERIVATION OF MODULESAIM The aim of this assignment is to study the motivational techniques modules used in the HUL and comprehend evaluate its ramification on employees output. PREVIEW For the ease of understanding and better assimilation the report is divided into the following subheads: Part I Organization overview. Part II Evolution of Concept. Part III Special motivational Modules. Part IV Recommendations. PART I ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW. COMPANY PROFILE Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is Indias largest Fast Moving Consumer Goods company, touching the lives of two out of three Indians with over 20 distinct categories in Home Personal Care products and Foods Beverages. They endow the company with a scale of combined volumes of about 4 million tones and sales of Rs.10, 000 cores. HUL is also one of the countrys largest exporters; the Government of India has recognized it as a Golden Super Star Trading House. The mission that inspires HULs 36,000 employees, including over 1,350 managers, is to add vitality to life. HUL meets every day needs for nutrition, hygiene, and personal care with brands that help people feel good, look good and get more out of life. It is a mission HUL share with its parent company, Unilever, which holds 51.55% of the equity. The rest of the shareholding is distributed among 380,000 individual shareholders and financial institutions. HULs brands Food brands Home care brands Personal care brands Water Nutrition Health, hygiene beauty The operations involve over 2,000 suppliers and associates. HULs distribution network, comprising about 7,000 redistribution stockiest, directly covers the entire urban population, and about 250 million rural consumers. HUL has traditionally been a company, which incorporates latest technology in all its operations. The Hindustan Unilever Research Center (HULRC) was set up in 1958, and now has facilities in Mumbai and Bangalore. HULRC and the Global Technology Centers in India have over 200 highly qualified scientists and technologists, many with postdoctoral experience acquired in the US and Europe. Structure of the organization HUL  has about 15,000 employees, including over 1400 managers. PART II EVOLUTION OF CONCEPT DERIVATION OF MODULESFrederick Herzbergs two-factor theory, a.k.a. intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, concludes that certain factors in the workplace result in job satisfaction, but if absent, they dont lead to dissatisfaction but no satisfaction. http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/images/picture_herzberg_factor_theory.gif Motivators; (e.g. challenging work, recognition, responsibility) which give positive satisfaction. Hygiene factors; (e.g. status, job security, salary and fringe benefits) that do not motivate if present, but, if absent, result in demotivation. These modules apparently derive their inspiration from Herzbergs two factor theory and bear a close affinity to its factors. HUL feels that instead of fixing the working conditions that employees are complaining about, to strives ahead finding new ways of recognizing their efforts. A simple technique is to hold regular meetings where each employee is asked to say what went well for them since the last meeting, what they did that they are especially pleased about. This simple practice gives employees an opportunity to tell their colleagues what they did and get some public recognition for a job well done.The continuing relevance of Herzberg is the fact that there must be some direct connection between performance and reward, whether extrinsic as in recognition or intrinsic as in naturally enjoyable work, to motivate employees to work harder and to improve their job satisfaction. EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION MODULES Objectives: To recognize the achievements of the employees To motivate the employees to perform better To increase the sales revenue and the profit margins of the company Competitive Reward; Reward for Performance HULs reward philosophy is to provide market competitive salary and benefits with a strong linkage between performance and pay as it is a technique to motivate its employee to enhance their performance. Fixed Salary that is competitive with our peer companies Variable Salary that is linked to company and individual performance Equity compensation (at eligible levels) that is linked to long term (3 year) company  performance and your potential. Benefits and Perquisites aimed at providing you choices. Retirement benefits that are market competitive. PART III SPECIAL MOTIVATIONAL MODULES SPECIAL MOTIVATIONAL MODULES Modules Outline: 1) STAR OF THE MONTH (SOM) This is a performance based award Rating of the employees is done on the grade basis These grades are given on the basis of achievements of targets, best five should be selected. 2) CUSTOMER DELIGHT: This is a performance based award This award should be given to the employees with least number of  complaints, with most speedy delivery, with most accurate data, with  most orderly data 3) ACHIEVEMENT TALK BOOK (A-T BOOK): All achievements of the employees can be talked in this monthly book This is a very good way of public recognition This book will be circulated at the beginning of every month. 4) STAR OF THE QUARTER (SAQ): This is a performance based award Rating system is required These grades are given on the basis of achievements of targets, best five should be selected 5) THINKING OUT OF THE BOX AWARD -(TOTB) This is the way of idea/suggestion management   An issue can be put up and employees can be asked to give their  suggestions or ideas on the concerned issue   Web based applications like emails can be used to collect and evaluate the  suggestions/ideas. Idea/suggestion board can be put up in the cafeteria and learning center, as  these places are easily accessible to all employees. Best ideas would be collected on the monthly basis but rewarded on the  quarterly basis Feedback can be given to the employee through web or through phone,  voice mails etc. 6) ON THE SPOT: This is an on the spot award This award can be given to the employees for their on the spot attitude  towards some particular situation This is a mere recognition for good and humble gestures towards peer and  presence of mind throughout Their managers give this award to the employee as they can keep a  constant observation on their employees. SOM: SOM is performance-based award, which is measured completely on the basis of  an employee s performance within the working place. The employee is awarded on the  basis of the rating given to him and this rating of the employees is done on the grade  basis, which already exist within the organization. These grades are given to the  employees on the basis of their achievements of targets set by their managers or  supervisors. This is a monthly award where employees are rated for a month and then the  deserving candidate is awarded. The best five are selected. PURPOSE: STAR OF THE MONTH award, which is given as per the ratings of an employee. This is a quarterly based award. First of all work plan to the employee of each department is allotted and set target are given. The work plan of an employee consists of PARAMETERS and the MILESTONES to be achieved. These MILESTONES have some POINTS allotted. REWARDS: The department head takes the final decision and gives away the award to the employees on the ceremony-honoring employee ceremony. 2) CUSTOMER DELIGHT: Customer delight is again a performance-based award, which is given to the employees for performing well. As we know that an employee not only has external customers but also internal customers i.e. the employee of the other departments An employee has to deal with various other employees within the branch, they can be from the same department as well as other department. Thus the employee With the least number of complaints With most speedy delivery of data With most accurate data With most orderly data The employees get to fill a customer delight form on basis of which the most suitable candidate is selected for this award. Maximum of 5 employees can be selected for the award. The customer delight form is as follows: I AM DELIGHTED!!! MY NAME MY DESIGNATION MY DEPARTMENT I VOTE FOR HIS/HER NAME: HIS/HER DESIGNATION: HIS/HER DEPARTMENT: I VOTE BECAUSE: I HAVE NO COMPLAINTS AGAINST THIS EMPLOYEE THIS EMPLOYEE PROVIDES A SPEEDY DELIVERY THIS EMPLOYEE PRODUCES ACCURATE DATA THIS EMPLOYEE PRODUCES MOST ORDERLY DATA THIS EMPOYEE SHOWS A DECENT CONDUCT OTHER REASONS____________________________________________________________ WHAT WOULD HAVE HAPPENED IF HE/SHE DID NOT DO WHAT HE/SHE DID?_____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ THINGS I WOULD DO TO EXPRESS MY THANX:___________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ SIGNATURE PURPOSE: Customer delight is an award to promote and recognize employees for  outstanding customer service. REWARDS: Department heads makes the final decision. A ceremony-honoring employee is  conducted where the 3 employees are awarded for their outstanding customer service. The head of the branch would give away the award on the ceremony day. 3) A-T BOOK: A-T Book is a monthly issue of a book, which is circulated in all departments of the office. This book talks about the achievements of the employee and gives them the peer recognition in this form. As every employee loves to be recognized at his working place and amongst the people he works with, this is a very effective form and way of recognizing ones performances. This book consists of: Detailed information about the employees who have achieved some milestone  during the month. The detail of the day and month of the achieved milestone. Birthday wishes are sent to the employees through this book. Various articles or precious experiences of employees. PURPOSE: A-T book is an ACHIEVEMENT TALK BOOK, which provides an  employee, with the public recognition amongst the peers in the organization. This book is  a great means of boosting the confidence and recognizing the performances and deeds of  an employee in public. This recognition makes him/her feel recognized and motivated  and definitely proves to be a boon in improving performance. REWARDS: No one gives away this award as this recognition comes in a book form and talks about people s achievements. Public recognition to all the achievers. 4) SAQ: SAQ award is again a performance-based award, which is measured completely  on the basis of an employee s performance within the working place. The employee is  awarded on the basis of the rating given to him and this rating of the employees is done  on the grade basis, which already exist within the organization. These grades are given to the employees on the basis of their achievements of targets set by their managers or supervisors. This is a quarterly award where employees are rated for a quarter and then the deserving candidate is awarded. The best five are selected. PURPOSE: STAR OF THE QUARTER award, is given as per the ratings of an employee. This is a quarterly based award. Targets for the quarter are given which is the parameter to judge PARAMETERS and the MILESTONES to be achieved. These MILESTONES have some POINTS allotted. REWARDS: The department head takes the final decision and the branch head gives away the  award to the employees on the ceremony-honoring employee ceremony. 5) TOTB: Every individual in this world has a viewpoint and has an idea or a suggestion waiting to pop out of his/her brain. So if these suggestions or ideas of the employees in  the organization are used in a fruitful and an effective manner can work wonders for an  organization. Thus it is really important to have an idea/suggestion management in an  organization. This scheme of TOTB is a quarterly award. According to this scheme an issue can be put up in the cafeteria and learning center as the employees have a frequent and easy access to these places, and hence the employees can present these ideas and suggestions. Now since collecting and evaluating the ideas is a major work, it can be done through web base applications like: emails, intranet etc. PURPOSE: The TOTB award is THINKING OUT OF THE BOX AWARD. This award is  given to the employee/employees for their capability of giving some much needed  extraordinary suggestion or idea to the branch management, the suggestion which is helps  the management come out of crisis or helps the management to save the maximum and  gets implemented is the best suitable for this award. This award is to foster employee suggestions to improve and cut downs in financial terms which ultimately help in productivity. REWARDS: Department head makes the final decision, and the branch head gives away the  award. 6) ON THE SPOT AWARD: Some deeds of employees on a daily basis are so humble that they need to be  recognized. It is sometimes not possible to recognize every individual on a daily basis,  thus at such time recognizing an individual on the spot is an important and a sensible  thing to do. According to this scheme employees can be awarded: To the employees for their on the spot attitude towards some particular  situation For good and humble gestures towards peer and presence of mind  Throughout PURPOSE: ON THE SPOT award is neither a monthly nor a quarterly award, as the name  suggests it is an on the spot, instant, spontaneous award. It is not even a performance based  award. As per this award the first level managers would recognize the employee. The purpose of this award is to recognize the employees who go extra mile or who  perform above and beyond the call of duty , and many such exceptional courtesies. REWARD: The first level manager or supervisor can recognize the eligible employee, as  he/she can very well observe the employees and their deeds at the working place. PART IV RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS: Monetary as well as the non-monetary awards both are equally important but the main aim is to reward or recognize employees time to time. The recognitions like congratulatory cards, wall of fame, public applause, public recognition is of great importance. Performance should be considered as the criterion for rewarding   There should be rewards or recognitions such that the employee can get to  celebrated the reward with his family members as well. The managers should make sure that he has one-to-one interactions with their employees and colleagues  Rewards should always be achievable and not out of reach by employees. CONCLUSION Closely related to employee satisfaction and morale, employee motivation may be considered both an action and a status. The action occurs when management takes steps to foster a work environment where employees are self-driven to perform their job tasks at a level that meets or exceeds managements standards. In todays turbulent, often chaotic, environment, commercial success depends on employees using their full talents. Yet in spite of the myriad of available theories and practices, managers often view motivation as something of a mystery. Thus the pertinence of identification of the motivators in the varied spheres of Social, Mental and Physical dimension take precedence. A positive motivation philosophy and practice improves productivity, quality, and service Motivation helps people: Achieve goals; Gain a positive perspective; Create the power to change; Build self-esteem and capability, Manage their own development and help others with theirs.